validate.js

validate.js

/*!
 * validate.js 0.11.1
 *
 * (c) 2013-2016 Nicklas Ansman, 2013 Wrapp
 * Validate.js may be freely distributed under the MIT license.
 * For all details and documentation:
 * http://validatejs.org/
 */

(function(exports, module, define) {
  "use strict";

The main function that calls the validators specified by the constraints. The options are the following:

format (string) - An option that controls how the returned value is formatted
- flat - Returns a flat array of just the error messages
- grouped - Returns the messages grouped by attribute (default)
- detailed - Returns an array of the raw validation data
fullMessages (boolean) - If true (default) the attribute name is prepended to the error.

Please note that the options are also passed to each validator.

  var validate = function(attributes, constraints, options) {
    options = v.extend({}, v.options, options);

    var results = v.runValidations(attributes, constraints, options)
      , attr
      , validator;

    for (attr in results) {
      for (validator in results[attr]) {
        if (v.isPromise(results[attr][validator])) {
          throw new Error("Use validate.async if you want support for promises");
        }
      }
    }
    return validate.processValidationResults(results, options);
  };

  var v = validate;

Copies over attributes from one or more sources to a single destination. Very much similar to underscore’s extend. The first argument is the target object and the remaining arguments will be used as sources.

  v.extend = function(obj) {
    [].slice.call(arguments, 1).forEach(function(source) {
      for (var attr in source) {
        obj[attr] = source[attr];
      }
    });
    return obj;
  };

  v.extend(validate, {

This is the version of the library as a semver. The toString function will allow it to be coerced into a string

    version: {
      major: 0,
      minor: 11,
      patch: 1,
      metadata: null,
      toString: function() {
        var version = v.format("%{major}.%{minor}.%{patch}", v.version);
        if (!v.isEmpty(v.version.metadata)) {
          version += "+" + v.version.metadata;
        }
        return version;
      }
    },

¶

Below is the dependencies that are used in validate.js
¶

The constructor of the Promise implementation. If you are using Q.js, RSVP or any other A+ compatible implementation override this attribute to be the constructor of that promise. Since jQuery promises aren’t A+ compatible they won’t work.
```
    Promise: typeof Promise !== "undefined" ? Promise : /* istanbul ignore next */ null,

    EMPTY_STRING_REGEXP: /^\s*$/,
```

Runs the validators specified by the constraints object. Will return an array of the format: [{attribute: ““, error: ““}, …]

    runValidations: function(attributes, constraints, options) {
      var results = []
        , attr
        , validatorName
        , value
        , validators
        , validator
        , validatorOptions
        , error;

      if (v.isDomElement(attributes) || v.isJqueryElement(attributes)) {
        attributes = v.collectFormValues(attributes);
      }

Loops through each constraints, finds the correct validator and run it.

      for (attr in constraints) {
        value = v.getDeepObjectValue(attributes, attr);

This allows the constraints for an attribute to be a function. The function will be called with the value, attribute name, the complete dict of attributes as well as the options and constraints passed in. This is useful when you want to have different validations depending on the attribute value.

        validators = v.result(constraints[attr], value, attributes, attr, options, constraints);

        for (validatorName in validators) {
          validator = v.validators[validatorName];

          if (!validator) {
            error = v.format("Unknown validator %{name}", {name: validatorName});
            throw new Error(error);
          }

          validatorOptions = validators[validatorName];

This allows the options to be a function. The function will be called with the value, attribute name, the complete dict of attributes as well as the options and constraints passed in. This is useful when you want to have different validations depending on the attribute value.

          validatorOptions = v.result(validatorOptions, value, attributes, attr, options, constraints);
          if (!validatorOptions) {
            continue;
          }
          results.push({
            attribute: attr,
            value: value,
            validator: validatorName,
            globalOptions: options,
            attributes: attributes,
            options: validatorOptions,
            error: validator.call(validator,
                value,
                validatorOptions,
                attr,
                attributes,
                options)
          });
        }
      }

      return results;
    },

Takes the output from runValidations and converts it to the correct output format.

    processValidationResults: function(errors, options) {
      errors = v.pruneEmptyErrors(errors, options);
      errors = v.expandMultipleErrors(errors, options);
      errors = v.convertErrorMessages(errors, options);

      var format = options.format || "grouped";

      if (typeof v.formatters[format] === 'function') {
        errors = v.formatters[format](errors);
      } else {
        throw new Error(v.format("Unknown format %{format}", options));
      }

      return v.isEmpty(errors) ? undefined : errors;
    },

Runs the validations with support for promises. This function will return a promise that is settled when all the validation promises have been completed. It can be called even if no validations returned a promise.

    async: function(attributes, constraints, options) {
      options = v.extend({}, v.async.options, options);

      var WrapErrors = options.wrapErrors || function(errors) {
        return errors;
      };

Removes unknown attributes

      if (options.cleanAttributes !== false) {
        attributes = v.cleanAttributes(attributes, constraints);
      }

      var results = v.runValidations(attributes, constraints, options);

      return new v.Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
        v.waitForResults(results).then(function() {
          var errors = v.processValidationResults(results, options);
          if (errors) {
            reject(new WrapErrors(errors, options, attributes, constraints));
          } else {
            resolve(attributes);
          }
        }, function(err) {
          reject(err);
        });
      });
    },

    single: function(value, constraints, options) {
      options = v.extend({}, v.single.options, options, {
        format: "flat",
        fullMessages: false
      });
      return v({single: value}, {single: constraints}, options);
    },

¶

Returns a promise that is resolved when all promises in the results array are settled. The promise returned from this function is always resolved, never rejected. This function modifies the input argument, it replaces the promises with the value returned from the promise.
```
    waitForResults: function(results) {
```
¶

Create a sequence of all the results starting with a resolved promise.
```
      return results.reduce(function(memo, result) {
```

If this result isn’t a promise skip it in the sequence.

        if (!v.isPromise(result.error)) {
          return memo;
        }

        return memo.then(function() {
          return result.error.then(function(error) {
            result.error = error || null;
          });
        });
      }, new v.Promise(function(r) { r(); })); // A resolved promise
    },

If the given argument is a call: function the and: function return the value otherwise just return the value. Additional arguments will be passed as arguments to the function. Example:

result('foo') // 'foo'
result(Math.max, 1, 2) // 2

    result: function(value) {
      var args = [].slice.call(arguments, 1);
      if (typeof value === 'function') {
        value = value.apply(null, args);
      }
      return value;
    },

¶

Checks if the value is a number. This function does not consider NaN a number like many other isNumber functions do.
```
    isNumber: function(value) {
      return typeof value === 'number' && !isNaN(value);
    },
```

Returns false if the object is not a function

    isFunction: function(value) {
      return typeof value === 'function';
    },

A simple check to verify that the value is an integer. Uses isNumber and a simple modulo check.

    isInteger: function(value) {
      return v.isNumber(value) && value % 1 === 0;
    },

Checks if the value is a boolean

    isBoolean: function(value) {
      return typeof value === 'boolean';
    },

Uses the Object function to check if the given argument is an object.

    isObject: function(obj) {
      return obj === Object(obj);
    },

Simply checks if the object is an instance of a date

    isDate: function(obj) {
      return obj instanceof Date;
    },

Returns false if the object is null of undefined

    isDefined: function(obj) {
      return obj !== null && obj !== undefined;
    },

Checks if the given argument is a promise. Anything with a then function is considered a promise.

    isPromise: function(p) {
      return !!p && v.isFunction(p.then);
    },

    isJqueryElement: function(o) {
      return o && v.isString(o.jquery);
    },

    isDomElement: function(o) {
      if (!o) {
        return false;
      }

      if (!o.querySelectorAll || !o.querySelector) {
        return false;
      }

      if (v.isObject(document) && o === document) {
        return true;
      }

http://stackoverflow.com/a/384380/699304

      /* istanbul ignore else */
      if (typeof HTMLElement === "object") {
        return o instanceof HTMLElement;
      } else {
        return o &&
          typeof o === "object" &&
          o !== null &&
          o.nodeType === 1 &&
          typeof o.nodeName === "string";
      }
    },

    isEmpty: function(value) {
      var attr;

Null and undefined are empty

      if (!v.isDefined(value)) {
        return true;
      }

functions are non empty

      if (v.isFunction(value)) {
        return false;
      }

Whitespace only strings are empty

      if (v.isString(value)) {
        return v.EMPTY_STRING_REGEXP.test(value);
      }

For arrays we use the length property

      if (v.isArray(value)) {
        return value.length === 0;
      }

Dates have no attributes but aren’t empty

      if (v.isDate(value)) {
        return false;
      }

If we find at least one property we consider it non empty

      if (v.isObject(value)) {
        for (attr in value) {
          return false;
        }
        return true;
      }

      return false;
    },

Formats the specified strings with the given values like so:

format("Foo: %{foo}", {foo: "bar"}) // "Foo bar"

If you want to write %{…} without having it replaced simply prefix it with % like this Foo: %%{foo} and it will be returned as "Foo: %{foo}"

    format: v.extend(function(str, vals) {
      if (!v.isString(str)) {
        return str;
      }
      return str.replace(v.format.FORMAT_REGEXP, function(m0, m1, m2) {
        if (m1 === '%') {
          return "%{" + m2 + "}";
        } else {
          return String(vals[m2]);
        }
      });
    }, {

Finds %{key} style patterns in the given string

      FORMAT_REGEXP: /(%?)%\{([^\}]+)\}/g
    }),

¶

“Prettifies” the given string. Prettifying means replacing [._-] with spaces as well as splitting camel case words.
```
    prettify: function(str) {
      if (v.isNumber(str)) {
```

If there are more than 2 decimals round it to two

        if ((str * 100) % 1 === 0) {
          return "" + str;
        } else {
          return parseFloat(Math.round(str * 100) / 100).toFixed(2);
        }
      }

      if (v.isArray(str)) {
        return str.map(function(s) { return v.prettify(s); }).join(", ");
      }

      if (v.isObject(str)) {
        return str.toString();
      }

¶

Ensure the string is actually a string
```
      str = "" + str;

      return str
```

Splits keys separated by periods

        .replace(/([^\s])\.([^\s])/g, '$1 $2')

¶

Removes backslashes
```
        .replace(/\\+/g, '')
```
¶

Replaces - and - with space
```
        .replace(/[_-]/g, ' ')
```

Splits camel cased words

        .replace(/([a-z])([A-Z])/g, function(m0, m1, m2) {
          return "" + m1 + " " + m2.toLowerCase();
        })
        .toLowerCase();
    },

    stringifyValue: function(value) {
      return v.prettify(value);
    },

    isString: function(value) {
      return typeof value === 'string';
    },

    isArray: function(value) {
      return {}.toString.call(value) === '[object Array]';
    },

Checks if the object is a hash, which is equivalent to an object that is neither an array nor a function.

    isHash: function(value) {
      return v.isObject(value) && !v.isArray(value) && !v.isFunction(value);
    },

    contains: function(obj, value) {
      if (!v.isDefined(obj)) {
        return false;
      }
      if (v.isArray(obj)) {
        return obj.indexOf(value) !== -1;
      }
      return value in obj;
    },

    unique: function(array) {
      if (!v.isArray(array)) {
        return array;
      }
      return array.filter(function(el, index, array) {
        return array.indexOf(el) == index;
      });
    },

    forEachKeyInKeypath: function(object, keypath, callback) {
      if (!v.isString(keypath)) {
        return undefined;
      }

      var key = ""
        , i
        , escape = false;

      for (i = 0; i < keypath.length; ++i) {
        switch (keypath[i]) {
          case '.':
            if (escape) {
              escape = false;
              key += '.';
            } else {
              object = callback(object, key, false);
              key = "";
            }
            break;

          case '\\':
            if (escape) {
              escape = false;
              key += '\\';
            } else {
              escape = true;
            }
            break;

          default:
            escape = false;
            key += keypath[i];
            break;
        }
      }

      return callback(object, key, true);
    },

    getDeepObjectValue: function(obj, keypath) {
      if (!v.isObject(obj)) {
        return undefined;
      }

      return v.forEachKeyInKeypath(obj, keypath, function(obj, key) {
        if (v.isObject(obj)) {
          return obj[key];
        }
      });
    },

This returns an object with all the values of the form. It uses the input name as key and the value as value So for example this:

would return: {email: “foo@bar.com”}

    collectFormValues: function(form, options) {
      var values = {}
        , i
        , j
        , input
        , inputs
        , option
        , value;

      if (v.isJqueryElement(form)) {
        form = form[0];
      }

      if (!form) {
        return values;
      }

      options = options || {};

      inputs = form.querySelectorAll("input[name], textarea[name]");
      for (i = 0; i < inputs.length; ++i) {
        input = inputs.item(i);

        if (v.isDefined(input.getAttribute("data-ignored"))) {
          continue;
        }

        value = v.sanitizeFormValue(input.value, options);
        if (input.type === "number") {
          value = value ? +value : null;
        } else if (input.type === "checkbox") {
          if (input.attributes.value) {
            if (!input.checked) {
              value = values[input.name] || null;
            }
          } else {
            value = input.checked;
          }
        } else if (input.type === "radio") {
          if (!input.checked) {
            value = values[input.name] || null;
          }
        }
        values[input.name] = value;
      }

      inputs = form.querySelectorAll("select[name]");
      for (i = 0; i < inputs.length; ++i) {
        input = inputs.item(i);
        if (input.multiple) {
          value = [];
          for (j in input.options) {
            option = input.options[j];
            if (option.selected) {
              value.push(v.sanitizeFormValue(option.value, options));
            }
          }
        } else {
          value = v.sanitizeFormValue(input.options[input.selectedIndex].value, options);
        }
        values[input.name] = value;
      }

      return values;
    },

    sanitizeFormValue: function(value, options) {
      if (options.trim && v.isString(value)) {
        value = value.trim();
      }

      if (options.nullify !== false && value === "") {
        return null;
      }
      return value;
    },

    capitalize: function(str) {
      if (!v.isString(str)) {
        return str;
      }
      return str[0].toUpperCase() + str.slice(1);
    },

Remove all errors who’s error attribute is empty (null or undefined)

    pruneEmptyErrors: function(errors) {
      return errors.filter(function(error) {
        return !v.isEmpty(error.error);
      });
    },

¶

In [{error: [“err1”, “err2”], …}] Out [{error: “err1”, …}, {error: “err2”, …}]

All attributes in an error with multiple messages are duplicated when expanding the errors.
```
    expandMultipleErrors: function(errors) {
      var ret = [];
      errors.forEach(function(error) {
```

Removes errors without a message

        if (v.isArray(error.error)) {
          error.error.forEach(function(msg) {
            ret.push(v.extend({}, error, {error: msg}));
          });
        } else {
          ret.push(error);
        }
      });
      return ret;
    },

Converts the error mesages by prepending the attribute name unless the message is prefixed by ^

    convertErrorMessages: function(errors, options) {
      options = options || {};

      var ret = [];
      errors.forEach(function(errorInfo) {
        var error = v.result(errorInfo.error,
            errorInfo.value,
            errorInfo.attribute,
            errorInfo.options,
            errorInfo.attributes,
            errorInfo.globalOptions);

        if (!v.isString(error)) {
          ret.push(errorInfo);
          return;
        }

        if (error[0] === '^') {
          error = error.slice(1);
        } else if (options.fullMessages !== false) {
          error = v.capitalize(v.prettify(errorInfo.attribute)) + " " + error;
        }
        error = error.replace(/\\\^/g, "^");
        error = v.format(error, {value: v.stringifyValue(errorInfo.value)});
        ret.push(v.extend({}, errorInfo, {error: error}));
      });
      return ret;
    },

In: [{attribute: ““, …}] Out: {““: [{attribute: ““, …}]}

    groupErrorsByAttribute: function(errors) {
      var ret = {};
      errors.forEach(function(error) {
        var list = ret[error.attribute];
        if (list) {
          list.push(error);
        } else {
          ret[error.attribute] = [error];
        }
      });
      return ret;
    },

In: [{error: ““, …}, {error: ““, …}] Out: [““, ““]

    flattenErrorsToArray: function(errors) {
      return errors
        .map(function(error) { return error.error; })
        .filter(function(value, index, self) {
          return self.indexOf(value) === index;
        });
    },

    cleanAttributes: function(attributes, whitelist) {
      function whitelistCreator(obj, key, last) {
        if (v.isObject(obj[key])) {
          return obj[key];
        }
        return (obj[key] = last ? true : {});
      }

      function buildObjectWhitelist(whitelist) {
        var ow = {}
          , lastObject
          , attr;
        for (attr in whitelist) {
          if (!whitelist[attr]) {
            continue;
          }
          v.forEachKeyInKeypath(ow, attr, whitelistCreator);
        }
        return ow;
      }

      function cleanRecursive(attributes, whitelist) {
        if (!v.isObject(attributes)) {
          return attributes;
        }

        var ret = v.extend({}, attributes)
          , w
          , attribute;

        for (attribute in attributes) {
          w = whitelist[attribute];

          if (v.isObject(w)) {
            ret[attribute] = cleanRecursive(ret[attribute], w);
          } else if (!w) {
            delete ret[attribute];
          }
        }
        return ret;
      }

      if (!v.isObject(whitelist) || !v.isObject(attributes)) {
        return {};
      }

      whitelist = buildObjectWhitelist(whitelist);
      return cleanRecursive(attributes, whitelist);
    },

    exposeModule: function(validate, root, exports, module, define) {
      if (exports) {
        if (module && module.exports) {
          exports = module.exports = validate;
        }
        exports.validate = validate;
      } else {
        root.validate = validate;
        if (validate.isFunction(define) && define.amd) {
          define([], function () { return validate; });
        }
      }
    },

    warn: function(msg) {
      if (typeof console !== "undefined" && console.warn) {
        console.warn("[validate.js] " + msg);
      }
    },

    error: function(msg) {
      if (typeof console !== "undefined" && console.error) {
        console.error("[validate.js] " + msg);
      }
    }
  });

  validate.validators = {

Presence validates that the value isn’t empty

    presence: function(value, options) {
      options = v.extend({}, this.options, options);
      if (options.allowEmpty ? !v.isDefined(value) : v.isEmpty(value)) {
        return options.message || this.message || "can't be blank";
      }
    },
    length: function(value, options, attribute) {

Empty values are allowed

      if (!v.isDefined(value)) {
        return;
      }

      options = v.extend({}, this.options, options);

      var is = options.is
        , maximum = options.maximum
        , minimum = options.minimum
        , tokenizer = options.tokenizer || function(val) { return val; }
        , err
        , errors = [];

      value = tokenizer(value);
      var length = value.length;
      if(!v.isNumber(length)) {
        v.error(v.format("Attribute %{attr} has a non numeric value for `length`", {attr: attribute}));
        return options.message || this.notValid || "has an incorrect length";
      }

Is checks

      if (v.isNumber(is) && length !== is) {
        err = options.wrongLength ||
          this.wrongLength ||
          "is the wrong length (should be %{count} characters)";
        errors.push(v.format(err, {count: is}));
      }

      if (v.isNumber(minimum) && length < minimum) {
        err = options.tooShort ||
          this.tooShort ||
          "is too short (minimum is %{count} characters)";
        errors.push(v.format(err, {count: minimum}));
      }

      if (v.isNumber(maximum) && length > maximum) {
        err = options.tooLong ||
          this.tooLong ||
          "is too long (maximum is %{count} characters)";
        errors.push(v.format(err, {count: maximum}));
      }

      if (errors.length > 0) {
        return options.message || errors;
      }
    },
    numericality: function(value, options) {

Empty values are fine

      if (!v.isDefined(value)) {
        return;
      }

      options = v.extend({}, this.options, options);

      var errors = []
        , name
        , count
        , checks = {
            greaterThan:          function(v, c) { return v > c; },
            greaterThanOrEqualTo: function(v, c) { return v >= c; },
            equalTo:              function(v, c) { return v === c; },
            lessThan:             function(v, c) { return v < c; },
            lessThanOrEqualTo:    function(v, c) { return v <= c; },
            divisibleBy:          function(v, c) { return v % c === 0; }
          };

Strict will check that it is a valid looking number

      if (v.isString(value) && options.strict) {
        var pattern = "^(0|[1-9]\\d*)";
        if (!options.onlyInteger) {
          pattern += "(\\.\\d+)?";
        }
        pattern += "$";

        if (!(new RegExp(pattern).test(value))) {
          return options.message ||
            options.notValid ||
            this.notValid ||
            this.message ||
            "must be a valid number";
        }
      }

Coerce the value to a number unless we’re being strict.

      if (options.noStrings !== true && v.isString(value) && !v.isEmpty(value)) {
        value = +value;
      }

If it’s not a number we shouldn’t continue since it will compare it.

      if (!v.isNumber(value)) {
        return options.message ||
          options.notValid ||
          this.notValid ||
          this.message ||
          "is not a number";
      }

Same logic as above, sort of. Don’t bother with comparisons if this doesn’t pass.

      if (options.onlyInteger && !v.isInteger(value)) {
        return options.message ||
          options.notInteger ||
          this.notInteger ||
          this.message ||
          "must be an integer";
      }

      for (name in checks) {
        count = options[name];
        if (v.isNumber(count) && !checks[name](value, count)) {

This picks the default message if specified For example the greaterThan check uses the message from this.notGreaterThan so we capitalize the name and prepend “not”

          var key = "not" + v.capitalize(name);
          var msg = options[key] ||
            this[key] ||
            this.message ||
            "must be %{type} %{count}";

          errors.push(v.format(msg, {
            count: count,
            type: v.prettify(name)
          }));
        }
      }

      if (options.odd && value % 2 !== 1) {
        errors.push(options.notOdd ||
            this.notOdd ||
            this.message ||
            "must be odd");
      }
      if (options.even && value % 2 !== 0) {
        errors.push(options.notEven ||
            this.notEven ||
            this.message ||
            "must be even");
      }

      if (errors.length) {
        return options.message || errors;
      }
    },
    datetime: v.extend(function(value, options) {
      if (!v.isFunction(this.parse) || !v.isFunction(this.format)) {
        throw new Error("Both the parse and format functions needs to be set to use the datetime/date validator");
      }

Empty values are fine

      if (!v.isDefined(value)) {
        return;
      }

      options = v.extend({}, this.options, options);

      var err
        , errors = []
        , earliest = options.earliest ? this.parse(options.earliest, options) : NaN
        , latest = options.latest ? this.parse(options.latest, options) : NaN;

      value = this.parse(value, options);

86400000 is the number of seconds in a day, this is used to remove the time from the date

      if (isNaN(value) || options.dateOnly && value % 86400000 !== 0) {
        err = options.notValid ||
          options.message ||
          this.notValid ||
          "must be a valid date";
        return v.format(err, {value: arguments[0]});
      }

      if (!isNaN(earliest) && value < earliest) {
        err = options.tooEarly ||
          options.message ||
          this.tooEarly ||
          "must be no earlier than %{date}";
        err = v.format(err, {
          value: this.format(value, options),
          date: this.format(earliest, options)
        });
        errors.push(err);
      }

      if (!isNaN(latest) && value > latest) {
        err = options.tooLate ||
          options.message ||
          this.tooLate ||
          "must be no later than %{date}";
        err = v.format(err, {
          date: this.format(latest, options),
          value: this.format(value, options)
        });
        errors.push(err);
      }

      if (errors.length) {
        return v.unique(errors);
      }
    }, {
      parse: null,
      format: null
    }),
    date: function(value, options) {
      options = v.extend({}, options, {dateOnly: true});
      return v.validators.datetime.call(v.validators.datetime, value, options);
    },
    format: function(value, options) {
      if (v.isString(options) || (options instanceof RegExp)) {
        options = {pattern: options};
      }

      options = v.extend({}, this.options, options);

      var message = options.message || this.message || "is invalid"
        , pattern = options.pattern
        , match;

Empty values are allowed

      if (!v.isDefined(value)) {
        return;
      }
      if (!v.isString(value)) {
        return message;
      }

      if (v.isString(pattern)) {
        pattern = new RegExp(options.pattern, options.flags);
      }
      match = pattern.exec(value);
      if (!match || match[0].length != value.length) {
        return message;
      }
    },
    inclusion: function(value, options) {

Empty values are fine

      if (!v.isDefined(value)) {
        return;
      }
      if (v.isArray(options)) {
        options = {within: options};
      }
      options = v.extend({}, this.options, options);
      if (v.contains(options.within, value)) {
        return;
      }
      var message = options.message ||
        this.message ||
        "^%{value} is not included in the list";
      return v.format(message, {value: value});
    },
    exclusion: function(value, options) {

Empty values are fine

      if (!v.isDefined(value)) {
        return;
      }
      if (v.isArray(options)) {
        options = {within: options};
      }
      options = v.extend({}, this.options, options);
      if (!v.contains(options.within, value)) {
        return;
      }
      var message = options.message || this.message || "^%{value} is restricted";
      return v.format(message, {value: value});
    },
    email: v.extend(function(value, options) {
      options = v.extend({}, this.options, options);
      var message = options.message || this.message || "is not a valid email";

Empty values are fine

      if (!v.isDefined(value)) {
        return;
      }
      if (!v.isString(value)) {
        return message;
      }
      if (!this.PATTERN.exec(value)) {
        return message;
      }
    }, {
      PATTERN: /^[a-z0-9\u007F-\uffff!#$%&'*+\/=?^_`{|}~-]+(?:\.[a-z0-9\u007F-\uffff!#$%&'*+\/=?^_`{|}~-]+)*@(?:[a-z0-9](?:[a-z0-9-]*[a-z0-9])?\.)+[a-z]{2,}$/i
    }),
    equality: function(value, options, attribute, attributes) {
      if (!v.isDefined(value)) {
        return;
      }

      if (v.isString(options)) {
        options = {attribute: options};
      }
      options = v.extend({}, this.options, options);
      var message = options.message ||
        this.message ||
        "is not equal to %{attribute}";

      if (v.isEmpty(options.attribute) || !v.isString(options.attribute)) {
        throw new Error("The attribute must be a non empty string");
      }

      var otherValue = v.getDeepObjectValue(attributes, options.attribute)
        , comparator = options.comparator || function(v1, v2) {
          return v1 === v2;
        };

      if (!comparator(value, otherValue, options, attribute, attributes)) {
        return v.format(message, {attribute: v.prettify(options.attribute)});
      }
    },

A URL validator that is used to validate URLs with the ability to restrict schemes and some domains.

    url: function(value, options) {
      if (!v.isDefined(value)) {
        return;
      }

      options = v.extend({}, this.options, options);

      var message = options.message || this.message || "is not a valid url"
        , schemes = options.schemes || this.schemes || ['http', 'https']
        , allowLocal = options.allowLocal || this.allowLocal || false;

      if (!v.isString(value)) {
        return message;
      }

¶

https://gist.github.com/dperini/729294
```
      var regex =
        "^" +
```

protocol identifier

        "(?:(?:" + schemes.join("|") + ")://)" +

user:pass authentication

        "(?:\\S+(?::\\S*)?@)?" +
        "(?:";

      var tld = "(?:\\.(?:[a-z\\u00a1-\\uffff]{2,}))";

      if (allowLocal) {
        tld += "?";
      } else {
        regex +=

IP address exclusion private & local networks

          "(?!(?:10|127)(?:\\.\\d{1,3}){3})" +
          "(?!(?:169\\.254|192\\.168)(?:\\.\\d{1,3}){2})" +
          "(?!172\\.(?:1[6-9]|2\\d|3[0-1])(?:\\.\\d{1,3}){2})";
      }

      regex +=

IP address dotted notation octets excludes loopback network 0.0.0.0 excludes reserved space >= 224.0.0.0 excludes network & broacast addresses (first & last IP address of each class)

          "(?:[1-9]\\d?|1\\d\\d|2[01]\\d|22[0-3])" +
          "(?:\\.(?:1?\\d{1,2}|2[0-4]\\d|25[0-5])){2}" +
          "(?:\\.(?:[1-9]\\d?|1\\d\\d|2[0-4]\\d|25[0-4]))" +
        "|" +

host name

          "(?:(?:[a-z\\u00a1-\\uffff0-9]-*)*[a-z\\u00a1-\\uffff0-9]+)" +

domain name

          "(?:\\.(?:[a-z\\u00a1-\\uffff0-9]-*)*[a-z\\u00a1-\\uffff0-9]+)*" +
          tld +
        ")" +

¶

port number
```
        "(?::\\d{2,5})?" +
```

resource path

        "(?:[/?#]\\S*)?" +
      "$";

      var PATTERN = new RegExp(regex, 'i');
      if (!PATTERN.exec(value)) {
        return message;
      }
    }
  };

  validate.formatters = {
    detailed: function(errors) {return errors;},
    flat: v.flattenErrorsToArray,
    grouped: function(errors) {
      var attr;

      errors = v.groupErrorsByAttribute(errors);
      for (attr in errors) {
        errors[attr] = v.flattenErrorsToArray(errors[attr]);
      }
      return errors;
    },
    constraint: function(errors) {
      var attr;
      errors = v.groupErrorsByAttribute(errors);
      for (attr in errors) {
        errors[attr] = errors[attr].map(function(result) {
          return result.validator;
        }).sort();
      }
      return errors;
    }
  };

  validate.exposeModule(validate, this, exports, module, define);
}).call(this,
        typeof exports !== 'undefined' ? /* istanbul ignore next */ exports : null,
        typeof module !== 'undefined' ? /* istanbul ignore next */ module : null,
        typeof define !== 'undefined' ? /* istanbul ignore next */ define : null);